Ero sivun ”5-HTP” versioiden välillä
(Ak: Uusi sivu: {{Ainesosalomake |info1=Elimistö valmistaa 5-HTP:tä (5-hydroksytryptofaani) tryptofaanista (välttämätön aminohappo). 5-HTP:stä puolestaan muokataan edelleen serotoniinia. 5-...) |
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(3 välissä olevaa versiota 2 käyttäjän tekeminä ei näytetä) | |||
Rivi 1: | Rivi 1: | ||
{{Ainesosalomake | {{Ainesosalomake | ||
− | |info1=Elimistö valmistaa 5-HTP:tä (5-hydroksytryptofaani) tryptofaanista | + | |kuva=5-htp.jpg |
+ | |kuvateksti=5-HTP | ||
+ | |info1=Elimistö valmistaa 5-HTP:tä (5-hydroksytryptofaani) tryptofaanista, joka on välttämätön aminohappo. 5-HTP:stä puolestaan muokataan edelleen serotoniinia. 5-HTP:tä ei ole ravinnossa, mutta sen lähtöainetta tryptofaania saadaan useista ravintoaineista (ks. tryptofaani). | ||
− | 5-HTP:tä valmistetaan kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin afrikkalaisen Griffonia simplicifolia-kasvin siemenistä. | + | 5-HTP:tä valmistetaan kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin afrikkalaisen ''Griffonia simplicifolia''-kasvin siemenistä. |
− | 5-HTP:n saannin lisääminen auttaa nostamaan serotoniinin määrää aivoissa. Koska serotoniini auttaa säätelemään mielialaa ja käyttäytymistä, 5-HTP:lla saattaa olla myönteinen vaikutus uneen, mielialaan, ahdistuneisuuteen, ruokahaluun, kehon lämpötilaan, seksuaaliseen halukkuuteen ja kivun tunteeseen. | + | 5-HTP:n saannin lisääminen auttaa nostamaan serotoniinin määrää aivoissa. Koska serotoniini auttaa säätelemään mielialaa ja käyttäytymistä, 5-HTP:lla saattaa olla myönteinen vaikutus uneen, mielialaan, ahdistuneisuuteen, ruokahaluun, kehon lämpötilaan, seksuaaliseen halukkuuteen ja kivun tunteeseen. |
|info3=Koska 5-HTP lisää serotoniinin tuotantoa, sitä käytetään usean serotoniinin vähäisyyteen liittyvän sairauden hoitoon, esim. masennus, unettomuus, lihavuus ja krooniset kiputuilat. | |info3=Koska 5-HTP lisää serotoniinin tuotantoa, sitä käytetään usean serotoniinin vähäisyyteen liittyvän sairauden hoitoon, esim. masennus, unettomuus, lihavuus ja krooniset kiputuilat. | ||
Rivi 17: | Rivi 19: | ||
* Kuukautisia edeltävä oireyhtymä (PMS) ja kuukautisia edeltävä dysforinen häiriö (PMDD). | * Kuukautisia edeltävä oireyhtymä (PMS) ja kuukautisia edeltävä dysforinen häiriö (PMDD). | ||
* Tarkkaavaisuus-ylivilkkaushäiriö (ADHD). | * Tarkkaavaisuus-ylivilkkaushäiriö (ADHD). | ||
− | * Unihäiriöt. | + | * Unihäiriöt. |
− | + | |info4=5-HTP lievittää oireilua pienillä annoksilla, esim 50 mg 5-HTP:tä 1-3 kertaa päivässä. Joissakin tutkimuksissa on käytetty suurempiakin annoksia, mutta 5-HTP voi olla haitallista suurina annoksina. | |
− | |info4=5-HTP lievittää oireilua pienillä | + | |
5-HTP:tä ei tule käyttää samanaikaisesti masennuslääkkeiden kanssa. | 5-HTP:tä ei tule käyttää samanaikaisesti masennuslääkkeiden kanssa. | ||
− | |info5=Tieteellisten artikkelien lyhennelmiä voi lukea PubMed:ssa http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed | + | |info5=Tieteellisten artikkelien lyhennelmiä voi lukea PubMed:ssa http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed |
− | |info6=Angst J, Woggon B, Schoepf J. The treatment of depression with L-5-hydroxytryptophan versus imipramine. Results of two open and one double-blind study. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr. 1977;224:175–186. | + | |info6=# Angst J, Woggon B, Schoepf J. The treatment of depression with L-5-hydroxytryptophan versus imipramine. Results of two open and one double-blind study. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr. 1977;224:175–186. |
− | Attele AS, Xie JT, Yuan CS. Treatment of insomnia: an alternative approach.Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(3):249-259. | + | # Attele AS, Xie JT, Yuan CS. Treatment of insomnia: an alternative approach.Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(3):249-259. |
− | Birdsall TC. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: A Clinically-Effective Serotonin Precursor. Altern Med Rev 1998;3:271-80. | + | # Birdsall TC. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: A Clinically-Effective Serotonin Precursor. Altern Med Rev 1998;3:271-80. |
− | Byerley WF, Judd LL, Reimherr FW, Grosser BI. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: a review of its antidepressant efficacy and adverse effects. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1987;7:127-37. | + | # Byerley WF, Judd LL, Reimherr FW, Grosser BI. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: a review of its antidepressant efficacy and adverse effects. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1987;7:127-37. |
− | Cangiano C, Ceci F, Cancino A, et al. Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:863-7. | + | # Cangiano C, Ceci F, Cancino A, et al. Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:863-7. |
− | Caruso I, Sarzi Puttini P, Cazzola M, Azzolini V. Double-blind study of 5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo in the treatment of primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Int Med Res 1990;18:201-9. | + | # Caruso I, Sarzi Puttini P, Cazzola M, Azzolini V. Double-blind study of 5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo in the treatment of primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Int Med Res 1990;18:201-9. |
− | Cauffield JS, Forbes HJ. Dietary supplements used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Lippincotts Prim Care Pract. 1999; 3(3):290-304. | + | # Cauffield JS, Forbes HJ. Dietary supplements used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Lippincotts Prim Care Pract. 1999; 3(3):290-304. |
− | Ceci F, Cangiano C, Cairella M, Cascino A, et al. The effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects. J Neural Transm. 1989;76:109-117. | + | # Ceci F, Cangiano C, Cairella M, Cascino A, et al. The effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects. J Neural Transm. 1989;76:109-117. |
− | Coleman M. Infantile spasms associated with 5-hydroxytryptophan administration in patients with Down's syndrome. Neurology 1971;21:911-9. | + | # Coleman M. Infantile spasms associated with 5-hydroxytryptophan administration in patients with Down's syndrome. Neurology 1971;21:911-9. |
− | Coppen A, Whybrow PC, Noguera R, et al. The comparative antidepressant value of L-tryptophan and imipramine with and without attempted potentiation by liothyronine. Arch Gen Psychiatr 1972;26:234-41. | + | # Coppen A, Whybrow PC, Noguera R, et al. The comparative antidepressant value of L-tryptophan and imipramine with and without attempted potentiation by liothyronine. Arch Gen Psychiatr 1972;26:234-41. |
− | Curcio JJ, Kim LS, Wollner D, Pockaj BA. The potential of 5-hydryxtryptophan for hot flash reduction: a hypothesis. Altern Med Rev. 2005;10(3):216-21. | + | # Curcio JJ, Kim LS, Wollner D, Pockaj BA. The potential of 5-hydryxtryptophan for hot flash reduction: a hypothesis. Altern Med Rev. 2005;10(3):216-21. |
− | DeBenedittis G, Massei R. Serotonin precursors in chronic primary headache. A double-blind cross-over study with L-5-hydroxytryptophan vs. Placebo. J Neurosurg Sci. 1985; 29:239-248. | + | # DeBenedittis G, Massei R. Serotonin precursors in chronic primary headache. A double-blind cross-over study with L-5-hydroxytryptophan vs. Placebo. J Neurosurg Sci. 1985; 29:239-248. |
− | Elko CJ, Burgess JL, Robertson WO. Zolpidem-associated hallucinations and serotonin reuptake inhibition: a possible interaction. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998;36(3):195-203. | + | # Elko CJ, Burgess JL, Robertson WO. Zolpidem-associated hallucinations and serotonin reuptake inhibition: a possible interaction. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998;36(3):195-203. |
− | FDA Talk Paper. Impurities confirmed in dietary supplement 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. August 31, 1998. | + | # FDA Talk Paper. Impurities confirmed in dietary supplement 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. August 31, 1998. |
− | Freedman RR. Treatment of menopausal hot flashes with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Maturitas. 2010 Apr;65(4):383-5. | + | # Freedman RR. Treatment of menopausal hot flashes with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Maturitas. 2010 Apr;65(4):383-5. |
− | Gardner DM, Lynd LD. Sumatriptan contraindications and the serotonin syndrome. Ann Pharmacother. 1998;32(1):33-38. | + | # Gardner DM, Lynd LD. Sumatriptan contraindications and the serotonin syndrome. Ann Pharmacother. 1998;32(1):33-38. |
− | Iovieno N, Dalton ED, Fava M, Mischoulon D. Second-tier natural antidepressants: Review and critique. J Affect Disord. 2010 Jun 24. | + | # Iovieno N, Dalton ED, Fava M, Mischoulon D. Second-tier natural antidepressants: Review and critique. J Affect Disord. 2010 Jun 24. |
− | Joffe RT, Sokolov ST. Co-administration of fluoxetine and sumatriptan: the Canadian experience. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997;95(6):551-552. | + | # Joffe RT, Sokolov ST. Co-administration of fluoxetine and sumatriptan: the Canadian experience. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997;95(6):551-552. |
− | Johnson KL, Klarskov K, Benson LM, et al. Presence of peak X and related compounds: the reported contaminant in case related 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan associated with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol 1999;26:2714-7. | + | # Johnson KL, Klarskov K, Benson LM, et al. Presence of peak X and related compounds: the reported contaminant in case related 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan associated with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol 1999;26:2714-7. |
− | Joly P, Lampert A, Thomine E, et al. Development of pseudobullous morphea and scleroderma-like illness during therapy with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;25:332-3. | + | # Joly P, Lampert A, Thomine E, et al. Development of pseudobullous morphea and scleroderma-like illness during therapy with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;25:332-3. |
− | Juhl JH. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. Altern Med Rev. 1998;3:367-375. | + | # Juhl JH. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. Altern Med Rev. 1998;3:367-375. |
− | Kahn RS, Westenberg HG. L-5-hydroxytryptophan in the treatment of anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord 1985;8:197-200. | + | # Kahn RS, Westenberg HG. L-5-hydroxytryptophan in the treatment of anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord 1985;8:197-200. |
− | Mason BJ, Blackburn KH. Possible serotonin syndrome associated with tramadol and sertraline coadministration. Ann Pharmacother. 1997;31(2):175-177. | + | # Mason BJ, Blackburn KH. Possible serotonin syndrome associated with tramadol and sertraline coadministration. Ann Pharmacother. 1997;31(2):175-177. |
− | Meyer JS, Welch KM, Deshmukh VD, et al. Neurotransmitter precursor amino acids in the treatment of multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Amer Geriat Soc 1977;25:289-98. | + | # Meyer JS, Welch KM, Deshmukh VD, et al. Neurotransmitter precursor amino acids in the treatment of multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Amer Geriat Soc 1977;25:289-98. |
− | Meyers S. Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(1):64-71. | + | # Meyers S. Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(1):64-71. |
− | Michelson D, Page SW, Casey R, et al. An eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome related disorder associated with exposure to L-5-hydroxytryptophan. J Rheumatol 1994;21:2261-5. | + | # Michelson D, Page SW, Casey R, et al. An eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome related disorder associated with exposure to L-5-hydroxytryptophan. J Rheumatol 1994;21:2261-5. |
− | Nakajima T, Kudo Y, Kaneko Z. Clinical evaluation of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan as an antidepressant drug. Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn 1978;32:223-30. | + | # Nakajima T, Kudo Y, Kaneko Z. Clinical evaluation of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan as an antidepressant drug. Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn 1978;32:223-30. |
− | Nicolodi M, Sicuteri F. Fibromyalgia and migraine, two faces of the same mechanism. Serotonin as the common clue for pathogenesis and therapy. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996;398:373-9. | + | # Nicolodi M, Sicuteri F. Fibromyalgia and migraine, two faces of the same mechanism. Serotonin as the common clue for pathogenesis and therapy. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996;398:373-9. |
− | Perry NK. Venlafaxine-induced serotonin syndrome with relapse following amitripyline. Postgrad Med J. 2000;76(894):254. | + | # Perry NK. Venlafaxine-induced serotonin syndrome with relapse following amitripyline. Postgrad Med J. 2000;76(894):254. |
− | Poldinger W, Calanchini B, Schwarz W. A functional-dimensional approach to depression: serotonin deficiency as a target syndrome in a comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan and fluvoxamine. Psychopathology 1991;24:53-81. | + | # Poldinger W, Calanchini B, Schwarz W. A functional-dimensional approach to depression: serotonin deficiency as a target syndrome in a comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan and fluvoxamine. Psychopathology 1991;24:53-81. |
− | Preshaw RM, Leavitt D, Hoag G. The dietary supplement 5-hydroxytryptophan and urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid. CMAJ 2008;178:993. | + | # Preshaw RM, Leavitt D, Hoag G. The dietary supplement 5-hydroxytryptophan and urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid. CMAJ 2008;178:993. |
− | Puttini PS, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res. 1992;20:182-189. | + | # Puttini PS, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res. 1992;20:182-189. |
− | Rakel D. Rakel Integrative Medicine, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2008;47. | + | # Rakel D. Rakel Integrative Medicine, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2008;47. |
− | Reibring L, Agren H, Hartvig P, et al. Uptake and utilization of [beta-11c] 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in human brain studied by positron emission tomography. Psychiatry Research. 1992;45:215-225. | + | # Reibring L, Agren H, Hartvig P, et al. Uptake and utilization of [beta-11c] 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in human brain studied by positron emission tomography. Psychiatry Research. 1992;45:215-225. |
− | Ribeiro CA. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan in the prophylaxis of chronic tension-type headache: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Headache 2000;40:451-6. | + | # Ribeiro CA. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan in the prophylaxis of chronic tension-type headache: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Headache 2000;40:451-6. |
− | Sarzi Puttini P, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res 1992;20:182-9. | + | # Sarzi Puttini P, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res 1992;20:182-9. |
− | Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C. Are tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan effective treatments for depression? A meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2002 Aug;36(4):488-91. | + | # Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C. Are tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan effective treatments for depression? A meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2002 Aug;36(4):488-91. |
− | Singhal AB, Caviness VS, Begleiter AF, et al. Cerebral vasoconstriction and stroke after use of serotonergic drugs. Neurology 2002;58:130-3. | + | # Singhal AB, Caviness VS, Begleiter AF, et al. Cerebral vasoconstriction and stroke after use of serotonergic drugs. Neurology 2002;58:130-3. |
− | Trouillas P, Brudon F, Adeleine P. Improvement of cerebellar ataxia with levorotatory form of 5-hydroxytryptophan: a double-blind study with quantified data processing. Arch Neurol 1988;45:1217-22. | + | # Trouillas P, Brudon F, Adeleine P. Improvement of cerebellar ataxia with levorotatory form of 5-hydroxytryptophan: a double-blind study with quantified data processing. Arch Neurol 1988;45:1217-22. |
− | Williams A, Goodenberger D, Caline DB, et al. Palatal myoclonus following herpes zoster ameliorated by 5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa. Neurology 1978;28:358-9. | + | # Williams A, Goodenberger D, Caline DB, et al. Palatal myoclonus following herpes zoster ameliorated by 5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa. Neurology 1978;28:358-9. |
− | Zmilacher K, et al. L-5-hydroxytryptophan alone and in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor in the treatment of depression. Neuropsychobiology. 1988;20:28–33. | + | # Zmilacher K, et al. L-5-hydroxytryptophan alone and in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor in the treatment of depression. Neuropsychobiology. 1988;20:28–33. |
}} | }} |
Nykyinen versio 28. marraskuuta 2014 kello 10.16
Yleistä tietoa
Elimistö valmistaa 5-HTP:tä (5-hydroksytryptofaani) tryptofaanista, joka on välttämätön aminohappo. 5-HTP:stä puolestaan muokataan edelleen serotoniinia. 5-HTP:tä ei ole ravinnossa, mutta sen lähtöainetta tryptofaania saadaan useista ravintoaineista (ks. tryptofaani).
5-HTP:tä valmistetaan kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin afrikkalaisen Griffonia simplicifolia-kasvin siemenistä.
5-HTP:n saannin lisääminen auttaa nostamaan serotoniinin määrää aivoissa. Koska serotoniini auttaa säätelemään mielialaa ja käyttäytymistä, 5-HTP:lla saattaa olla myönteinen vaikutus uneen, mielialaan, ahdistuneisuuteen, ruokahaluun, kehon lämpötilaan, seksuaaliseen halukkuuteen ja kivun tunteeseen.
Vaikutus ja käyttö
Koska 5-HTP lisää serotoniinin tuotantoa, sitä käytetään usean serotoniinin vähäisyyteen liittyvän sairauden hoitoon, esim. masennus, unettomuus, lihavuus ja krooniset kiputuilat.
Tutkimusnäytön valossa 5-HTP näyttäisi olevan tehokas: Masennuksen hoidossa. 5-HTP saattaa olla yhtä tehokas kuin jotkin masennuslääkkeet. Fibromyalgia. 5-HTP näyttää vähentävän fibromyalgian oireita, kuten kipua, aamu jäykkyyttä ja unettomuutta.
5-HTP-lisällä on tutkimuksissa saatu positiivisia vaikutuksia seuraavissa tiloissa, mutta tutkimusnäytön vähäisyyden vuoksi tieteellistä arvioita sen tehosta ei voi vielä tehdä:
- Alzheimerin tauti.
- Ahdistus.
- Ylipaino, 5-HTP voi auttaa vähentämään ruokahalua, kalorien saantia ja painoa ylipainoisilla.
- Kuukautisia edeltävä oireyhtymä (PMS) ja kuukautisia edeltävä dysforinen häiriö (PMDD).
- Tarkkaavaisuus-ylivilkkaushäiriö (ADHD).
- Unihäiriöt.
Käytössä huomioitavaa
5-HTP lievittää oireilua pienillä annoksilla, esim 50 mg 5-HTP:tä 1-3 kertaa päivässä. Joissakin tutkimuksissa on käytetty suurempiakin annoksia, mutta 5-HTP voi olla haitallista suurina annoksina.
5-HTP:tä ei tule käyttää samanaikaisesti masennuslääkkeiden kanssa.
Lisätietoa
Tieteellisten artikkelien lyhennelmiä voi lukea PubMed:ssa http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
Lähteet
- Angst J, Woggon B, Schoepf J. The treatment of depression with L-5-hydroxytryptophan versus imipramine. Results of two open and one double-blind study. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr. 1977;224:175–186.
- Attele AS, Xie JT, Yuan CS. Treatment of insomnia: an alternative approach.Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(3):249-259.
- Birdsall TC. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: A Clinically-Effective Serotonin Precursor. Altern Med Rev 1998;3:271-80.
- Byerley WF, Judd LL, Reimherr FW, Grosser BI. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: a review of its antidepressant efficacy and adverse effects. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1987;7:127-37.
- Cangiano C, Ceci F, Cancino A, et al. Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:863-7.
- Caruso I, Sarzi Puttini P, Cazzola M, Azzolini V. Double-blind study of 5-hydroxytryptophan versus placebo in the treatment of primary fibromyalgia syndrome. J Int Med Res 1990;18:201-9.
- Cauffield JS, Forbes HJ. Dietary supplements used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Lippincotts Prim Care Pract. 1999; 3(3):290-304.
- Ceci F, Cangiano C, Cairella M, Cascino A, et al. The effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects. J Neural Transm. 1989;76:109-117.
- Coleman M. Infantile spasms associated with 5-hydroxytryptophan administration in patients with Down's syndrome. Neurology 1971;21:911-9.
- Coppen A, Whybrow PC, Noguera R, et al. The comparative antidepressant value of L-tryptophan and imipramine with and without attempted potentiation by liothyronine. Arch Gen Psychiatr 1972;26:234-41.
- Curcio JJ, Kim LS, Wollner D, Pockaj BA. The potential of 5-hydryxtryptophan for hot flash reduction: a hypothesis. Altern Med Rev. 2005;10(3):216-21.
- DeBenedittis G, Massei R. Serotonin precursors in chronic primary headache. A double-blind cross-over study with L-5-hydroxytryptophan vs. Placebo. J Neurosurg Sci. 1985; 29:239-248.
- Elko CJ, Burgess JL, Robertson WO. Zolpidem-associated hallucinations and serotonin reuptake inhibition: a possible interaction. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998;36(3):195-203.
- FDA Talk Paper. Impurities confirmed in dietary supplement 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. August 31, 1998.
- Freedman RR. Treatment of menopausal hot flashes with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Maturitas. 2010 Apr;65(4):383-5.
- Gardner DM, Lynd LD. Sumatriptan contraindications and the serotonin syndrome. Ann Pharmacother. 1998;32(1):33-38.
- Iovieno N, Dalton ED, Fava M, Mischoulon D. Second-tier natural antidepressants: Review and critique. J Affect Disord. 2010 Jun 24.
- Joffe RT, Sokolov ST. Co-administration of fluoxetine and sumatriptan: the Canadian experience. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997;95(6):551-552.
- Johnson KL, Klarskov K, Benson LM, et al. Presence of peak X and related compounds: the reported contaminant in case related 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan associated with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol 1999;26:2714-7.
- Joly P, Lampert A, Thomine E, et al. Development of pseudobullous morphea and scleroderma-like illness during therapy with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991;25:332-3.
- Juhl JH. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. Altern Med Rev. 1998;3:367-375.
- Kahn RS, Westenberg HG. L-5-hydroxytryptophan in the treatment of anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord 1985;8:197-200.
- Mason BJ, Blackburn KH. Possible serotonin syndrome associated with tramadol and sertraline coadministration. Ann Pharmacother. 1997;31(2):175-177.
- Meyer JS, Welch KM, Deshmukh VD, et al. Neurotransmitter precursor amino acids in the treatment of multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Amer Geriat Soc 1977;25:289-98.
- Meyers S. Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(1):64-71.
- Michelson D, Page SW, Casey R, et al. An eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome related disorder associated with exposure to L-5-hydroxytryptophan. J Rheumatol 1994;21:2261-5.
- Nakajima T, Kudo Y, Kaneko Z. Clinical evaluation of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan as an antidepressant drug. Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn 1978;32:223-30.
- Nicolodi M, Sicuteri F. Fibromyalgia and migraine, two faces of the same mechanism. Serotonin as the common clue for pathogenesis and therapy. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996;398:373-9.
- Perry NK. Venlafaxine-induced serotonin syndrome with relapse following amitripyline. Postgrad Med J. 2000;76(894):254.
- Poldinger W, Calanchini B, Schwarz W. A functional-dimensional approach to depression: serotonin deficiency as a target syndrome in a comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan and fluvoxamine. Psychopathology 1991;24:53-81.
- Preshaw RM, Leavitt D, Hoag G. The dietary supplement 5-hydroxytryptophan and urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid. CMAJ 2008;178:993.
- Puttini PS, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res. 1992;20:182-189.
- Rakel D. Rakel Integrative Medicine, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2008;47.
- Reibring L, Agren H, Hartvig P, et al. Uptake and utilization of [beta-11c] 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in human brain studied by positron emission tomography. Psychiatry Research. 1992;45:215-225.
- Ribeiro CA. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan in the prophylaxis of chronic tension-type headache: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Headache 2000;40:451-6.
- Sarzi Puttini P, Caruso I. Primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan: a 90-day open study. J Int Med Res 1992;20:182-9.
- Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C. Are tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan effective treatments for depression? A meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2002 Aug;36(4):488-91.
- Singhal AB, Caviness VS, Begleiter AF, et al. Cerebral vasoconstriction and stroke after use of serotonergic drugs. Neurology 2002;58:130-3.
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